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dc.contributor.authorGakidou, Emmanuela
dc.contributor.authorAfshin, Ashkan
dc.contributor.authorAbajobir, Amanuel Alemu
dc.contributor.authorAbate, Kalkidan Hassen
dc.contributor.authorAbbafati, Cristiana
dc.contributor.authorAbbas, Kaja M.
dc.contributor.authorAbd-Allah, Foad
dc.contributor.authorAbdulle, Abdishakur M.
dc.contributor.authorAbera, Semaw Ferede
dc.contributor.authorAboyans, Victor
dc.contributor.authorAbu-Raddad, Laith J.
dc.contributor.authorAbu-Rmeileh, Niveen M. E.
dc.contributor.authorAbyu, Gebre Yitayih
dc.contributor.authorAdedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi
dc.contributor.authorAdetokunboh, Olatunji
dc.contributor.authorAfarideh, Mohsen
dc.contributor.authorAgrawal, Anurag
dc.contributor.authorAgrawal, Sutapa
dc.contributor.authorKiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad
dc.contributor.authorAhmadieh, Hamid
dc.contributor.authorAhmed, Muktar Beshir
dc.contributor.authorAichour, Amani Nidhal
dc.contributor.authorAichour, Ibtihel
dc.contributor.authorAichour, Miloud Taki Eddine
dc.contributor.authorAkinyemi, Rufus Olusola
dc.contributor.authorAkseer, Nadia
dc.contributor.authorAlahdab, Fares
dc.contributor.authorAl-Aly, Ziyad
dc.contributor.authorAlam, Khurshid
dc.contributor.authorAlam, Noore
dc.contributor.authorAlam, Tahiya
dc.contributor.authorAlasfoor, Deena
dc.contributor.authorAlene, Kefyalew Addis
dc.contributor.authorAli, Komal
dc.contributor.authorAlizadeh-Navaei, Reza
dc.contributor.authorAlkerwi, Ala'a
dc.contributor.authorAlla, Francois
dc.contributor.authorAllebeck, Peter
dc.contributor.authorAl-Raddadi, Rajaa
dc.contributor.authorAlsharif, Ubai
dc.contributor.authorAltirkawi, Khalid A.
dc.contributor.authorAlvis-Guzman, Nelson
dc.contributor.authorAmare, Azmeraw T.
dc.contributor.authorAmini, Erfan
dc.contributor.authorAmmar, Walid
dc.contributor.authorAmoako, Yaw Ampem
dc.contributor.authorAnsari, Hossein
dc.contributor.authorAnto, Josep M.
dc.contributor.authorAntonio, Carl Abelardo T.
dc.contributor.authorAnwari, Palwasha
dc.contributor.authorArian, Nicholas
dc.contributor.authorArnlov, Johan
dc.contributor.authorArtaman, A.
dc.contributor.authorAryal, Krishna Kumar
dc.contributor.authorAsayesh, Hamid
dc.contributor.authorAsgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal
dc.contributor.authorAtey, Tesfay Mehari
dc.contributor.authorAvila-Burgos, Leticia
dc.contributor.authorAvokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur
dc.contributor.authorAwasthi, Ashish
dc.contributor.authorAzzopardi, Peter
dc.contributor.authorBacha, Umar
dc.contributor.authorBadawi, Alaa
dc.contributor.authorBalakrishnan, Kalpana
dc.contributor.authorBallew, Shoshana H.
dc.contributor.authorBarac, Aleksandra
dc.contributor.authorBarber, Ryan M.
dc.contributor.authorBarker-Collo, Suzanne L.
dc.contributor.authorBarnighausen, Till
dc.contributor.authorBarquera, Simon
dc.contributor.authorBarregard, Lars
dc.contributor.authorBarrero, Lope H.
dc.contributor.authorBatis, Carolina
dc.contributor.authorBattle, Katherine E.
dc.contributor.authorBaune, Bernhard T.
dc.contributor.authorBeardsley, Justin
dc.contributor.authorBedi, Neeraj
dc.contributor.authorBeghi, Ettore
dc.contributor.authorBell, Michelle L.
dc.contributor.authorBennett, Derrick A.
dc.contributor.authorBennett, James R.
dc.contributor.authorBensenor, Isabela M.
dc.contributor.authorBerhane, Adugnaw
dc.contributor.authorBerhe, Derbew Fikadu
dc.contributor.authorBernabe, Eduardo
dc.contributor.authorBetsu, Balem Demtsu
dc.contributor.authorBeuran, Mircea
dc.contributor.authorBeyene, Addisu Shunu
dc.contributor.authorBhansali, Anil
dc.contributor.authorBhutta, Zulfiqar A.
dc.contributor.authorBikbov, Boris
dc.contributor.authorBirungi, Charles
dc.contributor.authorBiryukov, Stan
dc.contributor.authorBlosser, Christopher D.
dc.contributor.authorBoneya, Dube Jara
dc.contributor.authorBou-Orm, Ibrahim R.
dc.contributor.authorBrauer, Michael
dc.contributor.authorBreitborde, Nicholas J. K.
dc.contributor.authorBrenner, Hermann
dc.contributor.authorBrugha, Traolach S.
dc.contributor.authorBulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto
dc.contributor.authorBaumgarner, Blair R.
dc.contributor.authorButt, Zahid A.
dc.contributor.authorCahuana-Hurtado, Lucero
dc.contributor.authorCardenas, Rosario
dc.contributor.authorCarrero, Juan Jesus
dc.contributor.authorCastaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A.
dc.contributor.authorCatala-Lopez, Ferran
dc.contributor.authorCercy, Kelly
dc.contributor.authorChang, Hsing-Yi
dc.contributor.authorCharlson, Fiona J.
dc.contributor.authorChimed-Ochir, Odgerel
dc.contributor.authorChisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe
dc.contributor.authorChitheer, Abdulaal A.
dc.contributor.authorChristensen, Hanne
dc.contributor.authorChristopher, Devasahayam Jesudas
dc.contributor.authorCirillo, Massimo
dc.contributor.authorCohen, Aaron J.
dc.contributor.authorComfort, Haley
dc.contributor.authorCooper, Cyrus
dc.contributor.authorCoresh, Josef
dc.contributor.authorCornaby, Leslie
dc.contributor.authorCortesi, Paolo Angelo
dc.contributor.authorCriqui, Michael H.
dc.contributor.authorCrump, John A.
dc.contributor.authorDandona, Lalit
dc.contributor.authorDandona, Rakhi
dc.contributor.authordas Neves, Jose
dc.contributor.authorDavey, Gail
dc.contributor.authorDavitoiu, Dragos V.
dc.contributor.authorDavletov, Kairat
dc.contributor.authorde Courten, Barbora
dc.contributor.authorDegenhardt, Louisa
dc.contributor.authorDeiparine, Selina
dc.contributor.authorDellavalle, Robert P.
dc.contributor.authorDeribe, Kebede
dc.contributor.authorDeshpande, Aniruddha
dc.contributor.authorDharmaratne, Samath D.
dc.contributor.authorDing, Eric L.
dc.contributor.authorDjalalinia, Shirin
dc.contributor.authorHuyen Phuc Do
dc.contributor.authorDokova, Klara
dc.contributor.authorDoku, David Teye
dc.contributor.authorDorsey, E. Ray
dc.contributor.authorDriscoll, Tim R.
dc.contributor.authorDubey, Manisha
dc.contributor.authorDuncan, Bruce Bartholow
dc.contributor.authorDuncan, Sarah
dc.contributor.authorEbert, Natalie
dc.contributor.authorEbrahimi, Hedyeh
dc.contributor.authorEl-Khatib, Ziad Ziad
dc.contributor.authorEnayati, Ahmadali
dc.contributor.authorEndries, Aman Yesuf
dc.contributor.authorErmakov, Sergey Petrovich
dc.contributor.authorErskine, Holly E.
dc.contributor.authorEshrati, Babak
dc.contributor.authorEskandarieh, Sharareh
dc.contributor.authorEsteghamati, Alireza
dc.contributor.authorEstep, Kara
dc.contributor.authorFaraon, Emerito Jose Aquino
dc.contributor.authorE Sa Farinha, Carla Sofia
dc.contributor.authorFaro, Andre
dc.contributor.authorFarzadfar, Farshad
dc.contributor.authorFay, Kairsten
dc.contributor.authorFeigin, Valery L.
dc.contributor.authorFereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Joao C.
dc.contributor.authorFerrari, Alize J.
dc.contributor.authorFeyissa, Tesfaye Regassa
dc.contributor.authorFilip, Irina
dc.contributor.authorFischer, Florian
dc.contributor.authorFitzmaurice, Christina
dc.contributor.authorFlaxman, Abraham D.
dc.contributor.authorFoigt, Nataliya
dc.contributor.authorForeman, Kyle J.
dc.contributor.authorFrostad, Joseph J.
dc.contributor.authorFullman, Nancy
dc.contributor.authorFurst, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorFurtado, Joao M.
dc.contributor.authorGanji, Morsaleh
dc.contributor.authorGarcia-Basteiro, Alberto L.
dc.contributor.authorGebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde
dc.contributor.authorGeleijnse, Johanna M.
dc.contributor.authorGeleto, Ayele
dc.contributor.authorGemechu, Bikila Lencha
dc.contributor.authorGesesew, Hailay Abrha
dc.contributor.authorGething, Peter W.
dc.contributor.authorGhajar, Alireza
dc.contributor.authorGibney, Katherine B.
dc.contributor.authorGill, Paramjit Singh
dc.contributor.authorGillum, Richard F.
dc.contributor.authorGiref, Ababi Zergaw
dc.contributor.authorGishu, Melkamu Dedefo
dc.contributor.authorGiussani, Giorgia
dc.contributor.authorGodwin, William W.
dc.contributor.authorGona, Philimon N.
dc.contributor.authorGoodridge, Amador
dc.contributor.authorGopalani, Sameer Vali
dc.contributor.authorGoryakin, Yevgeniy
dc.contributor.authorGoulart, Alessandra Carvalho
dc.contributor.authorGraetz, Nicholas
dc.contributor.authorGugnani, Harish Chander
dc.contributor.authorGuo, Jingwen
dc.contributor.authorGupta, Rajeev
dc.contributor.authorGupta, Tanush
dc.contributor.authorGupta, Vipin
dc.contributor.authorGutierrez, Reyna A.
dc.contributor.authorHachinski, Vladimir
dc.contributor.authorHafezi-Nejad, Nima
dc.contributor.authorHailu, Gessessew Bugssa
dc.contributor.authorHamadeh, Randah Ribhi
dc.contributor.authorHamidi, Samer
dc.contributor.authorHammami, Mouhanad
dc.contributor.authorHandal, Alexis J.
dc.contributor.authorHankey, Graeme J.
dc.contributor.authorHarb, Hilda L.
dc.contributor.authorHareri, Habtamu Abera
dc.contributor.authorHassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh
dc.contributor.authorHavmoeller, Rasmus
dc.contributor.authorHawley, Caitlin
dc.contributor.authorHay, Simon I.
dc.contributor.authorHedayati, Mohammad T.
dc.contributor.authorHendrie, Delia
dc.contributor.authorBeatriz Heredia-Pi, Ileana
dc.contributor.authorHoek, Hans W.
dc.contributor.authorHorita, Nobuyuki
dc.contributor.authorHosgood, H. Dean
dc.contributor.authorHostiuc, Sorin
dc.contributor.authorHoy, Damian G.
dc.contributor.authorHsairi, Mohamed
dc.contributor.authorHu, Guoqing
dc.contributor.authorHuang, Hsiang
dc.contributor.authorHuang, John J.
dc.contributor.authorIburg, Kim Moesgaard
dc.contributor.authorIkeda, Chad
dc.contributor.authorInoue, Manami
dc.contributor.authorIrvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter
dc.contributor.authorJackson, Maria Delores
dc.contributor.authorJacobsen, Kathryn H.
dc.contributor.authorJahanmehr, Nader
dc.contributor.authorJakovljevic, Mihajlo (Michael) B.
dc.contributor.authorJauregui, Alejandra
dc.contributor.authorJavanbakht, Mehdi
dc.contributor.authorJeemon, Panniyammakal
dc.contributor.authorJohansson, Lars R. K.
dc.contributor.authorJohnson, Catherine O.
dc.contributor.authorJonas, Jost B.
dc.contributor.authorJurisson, Mikk
dc.contributor.authorKabir, Zubair
dc.contributor.authorKadel, Rajendra
dc.contributor.authorKahsay, Amaha
dc.contributor.authorKamal, Ritul
dc.contributor.authorKarch, Andre
dc.contributor.authorKarema, Corine Kakizi
dc.contributor.authorKasaeian, Amir
dc.contributor.authorKassebaum, Nicholas J.
dc.contributor.authorKastor, Anshul
dc.contributor.authorKatikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal
dc.contributor.authorKawakami, Norito
dc.contributor.authorKeiyoro, Peter Njenga
dc.contributor.authorKelbore, Sefonias Getachew
dc.contributor.authorKemmer, Laura
dc.contributor.authorKengne, Andre Pascal
dc.contributor.authorKesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair
dc.contributor.authorKhader, Yousef Saleh
dc.contributor.authorKhalil, Ibrahim A.
dc.contributor.authorKhan, Ejaz Ahmad
dc.contributor.authorKhang, Young-Ho
dc.contributor.authorKhosravi, Ardeshir
dc.contributor.authorKhubchandani, Jagdish
dc.contributor.authorKieling, Christian
dc.contributor.authorKim, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorKim, Jun Y.
dc.contributor.authorKim, Yun Jin
dc.contributor.authorKimokoti, Ruth W.
dc.contributor.authorKinfu, Yohannes
dc.contributor.authorKisa, Adnan
dc.contributor.authorKissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A.
dc.contributor.authorKivimaki, Mika
dc.contributor.authorKnibbs, Luke D.
dc.contributor.authorKnudsen, Ann Kristin
dc.contributor.authorKopec, Jacek A.
dc.contributor.authorKosen, Soewarta
dc.contributor.authorKoul, Parvaiz A.
dc.contributor.authorKoyanagi, Ai
dc.contributor.authorKravchenko, Michael
dc.contributor.authorKrohn, Kristopher J.
dc.contributor.authorKromhout, Hans
dc.contributor.authorDefo, Barthelemy Kuate
dc.contributor.authorBicer, Burcu Kucuk
dc.contributor.authorKumar, G. Anil
dc.contributor.authorKutz, Michael
dc.contributor.authorKyu, Hmwe H.
dc.contributor.authorLal, Dharmesh Kumar
dc.contributor.authorLalloo, Ratilal
dc.contributor.authorLallukka, Tea
dc.contributor.authorLan, Qing
dc.contributor.authorLansingh, Van C.
dc.contributor.authorLarsson, Anders
dc.contributor.authorLee, Alexander
dc.contributor.authorLee, Paul H.
dc.contributor.authorLeigh, James
dc.contributor.authorLeung, Janni
dc.contributor.authorLevi, Miriam
dc.contributor.authorLi, Yichong
dc.contributor.authorLi, Yongmei
dc.contributor.authorLiang, Xiaofeng
dc.contributor.authorLiben, Misgan Legesse
dc.contributor.authorLinn, Shai
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Patrick
dc.contributor.authorLodha, Rakesh
dc.contributor.authorLogroscino, Giancarlo
dc.contributor.authorLooker, Katherine J.
dc.contributor.authorLopez, Alan D.
dc.contributor.authorLorkowski, Stefan
dc.contributor.authorLotufo, Paulo A.
dc.contributor.authorLozano, Rafael
dc.contributor.authorLunevicius, Raimundas
dc.contributor.authorMacarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King
dc.contributor.authorAbd el Razek, Hassan Magdy
dc.contributor.authorAbd el Razek, Mohammed Magdy
dc.contributor.authorMajdan, Marek
dc.contributor.authorMajdzadeh, Reza
dc.contributor.authorMajeed, Azeem
dc.contributor.authorMalekzadeh, Reza
dc.contributor.authorMalhotra, Rajesh
dc.contributor.authorMalta, Deborah Carvalho
dc.contributor.authorMamun, Abdullah A.
dc.contributor.authorManguerra, Helena
dc.contributor.authorMantovani, Lorenzo G.
dc.contributor.authorMapoma, Chabila C.
dc.contributor.authorMartin, Randall V.
dc.contributor.authorMartinez-Raga, Jose
dc.contributor.authorMartins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlandio
dc.contributor.authorMathur, Manu Raj
dc.contributor.authorMatsushita, Kunihiro
dc.contributor.authorMatzopoulos, Richard
dc.contributor.authorMazidi, Mohsen
dc.contributor.authorMcAlinden, Colm
dc.contributor.authorMcGrath, John J.
dc.contributor.authorMehata, Suresh
dc.contributor.authorMehndiratta, Man Mohan
dc.contributor.authorMeier, Toni
dc.contributor.authorMelaku, Yohannes Adama
dc.contributor.authorMemiah, Peter
dc.contributor.authorMemish, Ziad A.
dc.contributor.authorMendoza, Walter
dc.contributor.authorMengesha, Melkamu Merid
dc.contributor.authorMensah, George A.
dc.contributor.authorMensink, Gert B. M.
dc.contributor.authorMereta, Seid Tiku
dc.contributor.authorMeretoja, Atte
dc.contributor.authorMeretoja, Tuomo J.
dc.contributor.authorMezgebe, Haftay Berhane
dc.contributor.authorMicha, Renata
dc.contributor.authorMillear, Anoushka
dc.contributor.authorMiller, Ted R.
dc.contributor.authorMinnig, Shawn
dc.contributor.authorMirarefin, Mojde
dc.contributor.authorMirrakhimov, Erkin M.
dc.contributor.authorMisganaw, Awoke
dc.contributor.authorMishra, Shiva Raj
dc.contributor.authorMohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin
dc.contributor.authorMohammed, Kedir Endris
dc.contributor.authorMohammed, Shafiu
dc.contributor.authorIbrahim, Norlinah Mohamed
dc.contributor.authorMohan, Murali B. V.
dc.contributor.authorMokdad, Ali H.
dc.contributor.authorMonasta, Lorenzo
dc.contributor.authorMontanez Hernandez, Julio Cesar
dc.contributor.authorMontico, Marcella
dc.contributor.authorMoradi-Lakeh, Maziar
dc.contributor.authorMoraga, Paula
dc.contributor.authorMorawska, Lidia
dc.contributor.authorMorrison, Shane D.
dc.contributor.authorMountjoy-Venning, Cliff
dc.contributor.authorMueller, Ulrich O.
dc.contributor.authorMullany, Erin C.
dc.contributor.authorMuller, Kate
dc.contributor.authorMurthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana
dc.contributor.authorMusa, Kamarul Imran
dc.contributor.authorNaghavi, Mohsen
dc.contributor.authorNaheed, Aliya
dc.contributor.authorNangia, Vinay
dc.contributor.authorNatarajan, Gopalakrishnan
dc.contributor.authorNegoi, Ionut
dc.contributor.authorNegoi, Ruxandra Irina
dc.contributor.authorCuong Tat Nguyen
dc.contributor.authorGrant Nguyen
dc.contributor.authorMinh Nguyen
dc.contributor.authorQuyen Le Nguyen
dc.contributor.authorTrang Huyen Nguyen
dc.contributor.authorNichols, Emma
dc.contributor.authorNingrum, Dina Nur Anggraini
dc.contributor.authorNomura, Marika
dc.contributor.authorVuong Minh Nong
dc.contributor.authorNorheim, Ole F.
dc.contributor.authorNorrving, Bo
dc.contributor.authorNoubiap, Jean Jacques N.
dc.contributor.authorObermeyer, Carla Makhlouf
dc.contributor.authorOgbo, Felix Akpojene
dc.contributor.authorOh, Hwan
dc.contributor.authorOladimeji, Olanrewaju
dc.contributor.authorOlagunju, Andrew Toyin
dc.contributor.authorOlagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi
dc.contributor.authorOlivares, Pedro R.
dc.contributor.authorOlsen, Helen E.
dc.contributor.authorOlusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola
dc.contributor.authorOlusanya, Jacob Olusegun
dc.contributor.authorOpio, John Nelson
dc.contributor.authorOren, Eyal
dc.contributor.authorOrtiz, Alberto
dc.contributor.authorOta, Erika
dc.contributor.authorOwolabi, Mayowa O.
dc.contributor.authorPa, Mahesh
dc.contributor.authorPacella, Rosana E.
dc.contributor.authorPana, Adrian
dc.contributor.authorPanda, Basant Kumar
dc.contributor.authorPanda-Jonas, Songhomitra
dc.contributor.authorPandian, Jeyaraj D.
dc.contributor.authorPapachristou, Christina
dc.contributor.authorPark, Eun-Kee
dc.contributor.authorParry, Charles D.
dc.contributor.authorPatten, Scott B.
dc.contributor.authorPatton, George C.
dc.contributor.authorPereira, David M.
dc.contributor.authorPerico, Norberto
dc.contributor.authorPesudovs, Konrad
dc.contributor.authorPetzold, Max
dc.contributor.authorPhillips, Michael Robert
dc.contributor.authorPillay, Julian David
dc.contributor.authorPiradov, Michael A.
dc.contributor.authorPishgar, Farhad
dc.contributor.authorPlass, Dietrich
dc.contributor.authorPletcher, Martin A.
dc.contributor.authorPolinder, Suzanne
dc.contributor.authorPopova, Svetlana
dc.contributor.authorPoulton, Richie G.
dc.contributor.authorPourmalek, Farshad
dc.contributor.authorPrasad, Narayan
dc.contributor.authorPurcell, Carrie
dc.contributor.authorQorbani, Mostafa
dc.contributor.authorRadfar, Amir
dc.contributor.authorRafay, Anwar
dc.contributor.authorRahimi-Movaghar, Afarin
dc.contributor.authorRahimi-Movaghar, Vafa
dc.contributor.authorRahman, Mahfuzar
dc.contributor.authorRahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur
dc.contributor.authorRahman, Muhammad Aziz
dc.contributor.authorRai, Rajesh Kumar
dc.contributor.authorRajsic, Sasa
dc.contributor.authorRam, Usha
dc.contributor.authorRawaf, Salman
dc.contributor.authorRehm, Colin D.
dc.contributor.authorRehm, Jurgen
dc.contributor.authorReiner, Robert C.
dc.contributor.authorReitsma, Marissa B.
dc.contributor.authorMyriam Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz
dc.contributor.authorRemuzzi, Giuseppe
dc.contributor.authorRenzaho, Andre M. N.
dc.contributor.authorResnikoff, Serge
dc.contributor.authorRezaei, Satar
dc.contributor.authorRibeiro, Antonio L.
dc.contributor.authorRivera, Juan A.
dc.contributor.authorRoba, Kedir Teji
dc.contributor.authorRojas-Rueda, David
dc.contributor.authorRoman, Yesenia
dc.contributor.authorRoom, Robin
dc.contributor.authorRoshandel, Gholamreza
dc.contributor.authorRoth, Gregory A.
dc.contributor.authorRothenbacher, Dietrich
dc.contributor.authorRubagotti, Enrico
dc.contributor.authorRushton, Lesley
dc.contributor.authorSadat, Nafis
dc.contributor.authorSafdarian, Mahdi
dc.contributor.authorSafi, Sare
dc.contributor.authorSafiri, Saeid
dc.contributor.authorSahathevan, Ramesh
dc.contributor.authorSalama, Joseph
dc.contributor.authorSalomon, Joshua A.
dc.contributor.authorSamy, Abdallah M.
dc.contributor.authorSanabria, Juan Ramon
dc.contributor.authorDolores Sanchez-Nino, Maria
dc.contributor.authorSanchez-Pimienta, Tania G.
dc.contributor.authorSantomauro, Damian
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Itamar S.
dc.contributor.authorMilicevic, Milena M. Santric
dc.contributor.authorSartorius, Benn
dc.contributor.authorSatpathy, Maheswar
dc.contributor.authorSawhney, Monika
dc.contributor.authorSaxena, Sonia
dc.contributor.authorSchaeffner, Elke
dc.contributor.authorSchmidt, Maria Ines
dc.contributor.authorSchneider, Ione J. C.
dc.contributor.authorSchutte, Aletta E.
dc.contributor.authorSchwebel, David C.
dc.contributor.authorSchwendicke, Falk
dc.contributor.authorSeedat, Soraya
dc.contributor.authorSepanlou, Sadaf G.
dc.contributor.authorSerdar, Berrin
dc.contributor.authorServan-Mori, Edson E.
dc.contributor.authorShaddick, Gavin
dc.contributor.authorShaheen, Amira
dc.contributor.authorShahraz, Saeid
dc.contributor.authorShaikh, Masood Ali
dc.contributor.authorLevy, Teresa Shamah
dc.contributor.authorShamsipour, Mansour
dc.contributor.authorShamsizadeh, Morteza
dc.contributor.authorIslam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
dc.contributor.authorSharma, Jayendra
dc.contributor.authorSharma, Rajesh
dc.contributor.authorShe, Jun
dc.contributor.authorShen, Jiabin
dc.contributor.authorShi, Peilin
dc.contributor.authorShibuya, Kenji
dc.contributor.authorShields, Chloe
dc.contributor.authorShiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay
dc.contributor.authorShigematsu, Mika
dc.contributor.authorShin, Min-Jeong
dc.contributor.authorShiri, Rahman
dc.contributor.authorShirkoohi, Reza
dc.contributor.authorShishani, Kawkab
dc.contributor.authorShoman, Haitham
dc.contributor.authorShrime, Mark G.
dc.contributor.authorSigfusdottir, Inga Dora
dc.contributor.authorSantos Silva, Diego Augusto
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Joao Pedro
dc.contributor.authorAlves Silveira, Dayane Gabriele
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Jasvinder A.
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Virendra
dc.contributor.authorSinha, Dhirendra Narain
dc.contributor.authorSkiadaresi, Eirini
dc.contributor.authorSlepak, Erica Leigh
dc.contributor.authorSmith, David L.
dc.contributor.authorSmith, Mari
dc.contributor.authorSobaih, Badr H. A.
dc.contributor.authorSobngwi, Eugene
dc.contributor.authorSoneji, Samir
dc.contributor.authorSorensen, Reed J. D.
dc.contributor.authorSposato, Luciano A.
dc.contributor.authorSreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T.
dc.contributor.authorSrinivasan, Vinay
dc.contributor.authorSteel, Nicholas
dc.contributor.authorStein, Dan J.
dc.contributor.authorSteiner, Caitlyn
dc.contributor.authorSteinke, Sabine
dc.contributor.authorStokes, Mark Andrew
dc.contributor.authorStrub, Bryan
dc.contributor.authorSubart, Michelle
dc.contributor.authorSufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale
dc.contributor.authorStrub, Bryan
dc.contributor.authorSubart, Michelle
dc.contributor.authorSufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale
dc.contributor.authorSuliankatchi, Rizwan Abdulkader
dc.contributor.authorSur, Patrick J.
dc.contributor.authorSwaminathan, Soumya
dc.contributor.authorSykes, Bryan L.
dc.contributor.authorSzoeke, Cassandra E. I.
dc.contributor.authorTabares-Seisdedos, Rafael
dc.contributor.authorTadakamadla, Santosh Kumar
dc.contributor.authorTakahashi, Ken
dc.contributor.authorTakala, Jukka S.
dc.contributor.authorTandon, Nikhil
dc.contributor.authorTanner, Marcel
dc.contributor.authorTarekegn, Yihunie L.
dc.contributor.authorTavakkoli, Mohammad
dc.contributor.authorTegegne, Teketo Kassaw
dc.contributor.authorTehrani-Banihashemi, Arash
dc.contributor.authorTerkawi, Abdullah Sulieman
dc.contributor.authorTesssema, Belay
dc.contributor.authorThakur, J. S.
dc.contributor.authorThamsuwan, Ornwipa
dc.contributor.authorThankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman
dc.contributor.authorTheis, Andrew M.
dc.contributor.authorThomas, Matthew Lloyd
dc.contributor.authorThomson, Alan J.
dc.contributor.authorThrift, Amanda G.
dc.contributor.authorTillmann, Taavi
dc.contributor.authorTobe-Gai, Ruoyan
dc.contributor.authorTobollik, Myriam
dc.contributor.authorTollanes, Mette C.
dc.contributor.authorTonelli, Marcello
dc.contributor.authorTopor-Madry, Roman
dc.contributor.authorTorre, Anna
dc.contributor.authorTortajada, Miguel
dc.contributor.authorTouvier, Mathilde
dc.contributor.authorTran, Bach Xuan
dc.contributor.authorTruelsen, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorTuem, Kald Beshir
dc.contributor.authorTuzcu, Emin Murat
dc.contributor.authorTyrovolas, Stefanos
dc.contributor.authorUkwaja, Kingsley Nnanna
dc.contributor.authorUneke, Chigozie Jesse
dc.contributor.authorUpdike, Rachel
dc.contributor.authorUthman, Olalekan A.
dc.contributor.authorvan Boven, Job F. M.
dc.contributor.authorvan Donkelaar, Aaron
dc.contributor.authorVarughese, Santosh
dc.contributor.authorVasankari, Tommi
dc.contributor.authorVeerman, Lennert J.
dc.contributor.authorVenkateswaran, Vidhya
dc.contributor.authorVenketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy
dc.contributor.authorViolante, Francesco S.
dc.contributor.authorVladimirov, Sergey K.
dc.contributor.authorVlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich
dc.contributor.authorVollset, Stein Emil
dc.contributor.authorVos, Theo
dc.contributor.authorWadilo, Fiseha
dc.contributor.authorWakayo, Tolassa
dc.contributor.authorWallin, Mitchell T.
dc.contributor.authorWang, Yuan-Pang
dc.contributor.authorWeichenthal, Scott
dc.contributor.authorWeiderpass, Elisabete
dc.contributor.authorWeintraub, Robert G.
dc.contributor.authorWeiss, Daniel J.
dc.contributor.authorWerdecker, Andrea
dc.contributor.authorWesterman, Ronny
dc.contributor.authorWhiteford, Harvey A.
dc.contributor.authorWiysonge, Charles Shey
dc.contributor.authorWoldeyes, Belete Getahun
dc.contributor.authorWolfe, Charles D. A.
dc.contributor.authorWoodbrook, Rachel
dc.contributor.authorWorkicho, Abdulhalik
dc.contributor.authorHanson, Sarah Wulf
dc.contributor.authorXavier, Denis
dc.contributor.authorXu, Gelin
dc.contributor.authorYadgir, Simon
dc.contributor.authorYakob, Bereket
dc.contributor.authorYan, Lijing L.
dc.contributor.authorYaseri, Mehdi
dc.contributor.authorYimam, Hassen Hamid
dc.contributor.authorYip, Paul
dc.contributor.authorYonemoto, Naohiro
dc.contributor.authorYoon, Seok-Jun
dc.contributor.authorYotebieng, Marcel
dc.contributor.authorYounis, Mustafa Z.
dc.contributor.authorZaidi, Zoubida
dc.contributor.authorZaki, Maysaa El Sayed
dc.contributor.authorZavala-Arciniega, Luis
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Xueying
dc.contributor.authorZimsen, Stephanie Raman M.
dc.contributor.authorZipkin, Ben
dc.contributor.authorZodpey, Sanjay
dc.contributor.authorLim, Stephen S.
dc.contributor.authorMurray, Christopher J. L.
dc.date.accessioned2019-12-10T11:22:54Z
dc.date.available2019-12-10T11:22:54Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.identifier.issn0140-6736
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32366-8
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11655/15531
dc.description.abstractBackground The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of risk factor exposure and attributable burden of disease. By providing estimates over a long time series, this study can monitor risk exposure trends critical to health surveillance and inform policy debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. Methods We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of GBD to estimate levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), by age group, sex, year, and location for 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2016. This study included 481 risk-outcome pairs that met the GBD study criteria for convincing or probable evidence of causation. We extracted relative risk (RR) and exposure estimates from 22 717 randomised controlled trials, cohorts, pooled cohorts, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources, according to the GBD 2016 source counting methods. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL), we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. Finally, we explored four drivers of trends in attributable burden: population growth, population ageing, trends in risk exposure, and all other factors combined. Findings Since 1990, exposure increased significantly for 30 risks, did not change significantly for four risks, and decreased significantly for 31 risks. Among risks that are leading causes of burden of disease, child growth failure and household air pollution showed the most significant declines, while metabolic risks, such as body-mass index and high fasting plasma glucose, showed significant increases. In 2016, at Level 3 of the hierarchy, the three leading risk factors in terms of attributable DALYs at the global level for men were smoking (124.1 million DALYs [95% UI 111.2 million to 137.0 million]), high systolic blood pressure (122.2 million DALYs [110.3 million to 133.3 million], and low birthweight and short gestation (83.0 million DALYs [78.3 million to 87.7 million]), and for women, were high systolic blood pressure (89.9 million DALYs [80.9 million to 98.2 million]), high body-mass index (64.8 million DALYs [44.4 million to 87.6 million]), and high fasting plasma glucose (63.8 million DALYs [53.2 million to 76.3 million]). In 2016 in 113 countries, the leading risk factor in terms of attributable DALYs was a metabolic risk factor. Smoking remained among the leading five risk factors for DALYs for 109 countries, while low birthweight and short gestation was the leading risk factor for DALYs in 38 countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. In terms of important drivers of change in trends of burden attributable to risk factors, between 2006 and 2016 exposure to risks explains an 9.3% (6.9-11.6) decline in deaths and a 10.8% (8.3-13.1) decrease in DALYs at the global level, while population ageing accounts for 14.9% (12.7-17.5) of deaths and 6.2% (3.9-8.7) of DALYs, and population growth for 12.4% (10.1-14.9) of deaths and 12.4% (10.1-14.9) of DALYs. The largest contribution of trends in risk exposure to disease burden is seen between ages 1 year and 4 years, where a decline of 27.3% (24.9-29.7) of the change in DALYs between 2006 and 2016 can be attributed to declines in exposure to risks. Interpretation Increasingly detailed understanding of the trends in risk exposure and the RRs for each risk-outcome pair provide insights into both the magnitude of health loss attributable to risks and how modification of risk exposure has contributed to health trends. Metabolic risks warrant particular policy attention, due to their large contribution to global disease burden, increasing trends, and variable patterns across countries at the same level of development. GBD 2016 findings show that, while it has huge potential to improve health, risk modification has played a relatively small part in the past decade. Copyright (C) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier Science Inc
dc.relation.isversionof10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32366-8
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectGeneral & Internal Medicine
dc.titleGlobal, Regional, And National Comparative Risk Assessment Of 84 Behavioural, Environmental And Occupational, And Metabolic Risks Or Clusters Of Risks, 1990-2016: A Systematic Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2016
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.relation.journalLancet
dc.contributor.departmentKardiyoloji
dc.identifier.volume390
dc.identifier.issue10100
dc.identifier.startpage1345
dc.identifier.endpage1422
dc.description.indexWoS
dc.description.indexScopus


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