Siyasal Yönetim Sistemlerinin Mali Performans Açısından Bir Değerlendirmesi

Abstract

In democratic countries, government is formed by representatives who are voted by the public. In these countries the type of the administration is shaped according to the constitutional design of the state functions concerning the legislative, executive and judicial branches. The most common administrative systems in the world are the presidential system and the parliamentary system. There are different views about these systems’ effects on economic and social life. In this study, presidential and parliamentary systems are examined theoretically and compared. Following the qualitative evaluation of the administrative systems, the study focuses on the effects of administrative systems on the economic and social life and discusses how these administrative systems affect the fiscal performance. Analyses made with respect to democracy, economic- and fiscal-freedom measures in this study indicate that countries administered by presidential systems have ranks lower than those administered by the parliamentary systems. This outcome is due to the fact that there are only two countries that can be qualified as completely democratic presidential systems. On the other hand, analyses made with respect to fiscal performance indicators do not show any clear differences between the two administrative systems. While the average ratios for the government size and indebtedness are found lower in countries administered by the presidential system, those for the budget deficits appear to be lower in countries administered by the parliamentary system.