1848-1849 Macar Özgürlük Mücadelesi ve Macar Mülteciler Meselesi

Abstract

ABSTRACT

ÇİLOĞLU, Burcu. 1848- 1849 Hungarian War of Freedom and Hungarian Refugees Problem, Master’s Thesis, Ankara, 2019.

Hungarians have been struggling for political, cultural, economic and social in order to establish a state and independent. From March 15. 1848, the Hungarians opposed pressures for their freedom and were dragged into the 1848 Revolution. The years of 1830-1867 when the Hungarians made efforts to establish a state. 1789 The effects of the French Revolution also influence the idea of independence of the Hungarians. Freedom movements in Europe have shown nationalistic and liberal characteristics. In 1848, the Hungarians wanted to establish the Hungarian Republic and made many battles with Austria. Their only goal was to leave Austria. Lajos Kossuth led a new parliament. Patriots such as Lajos Kossuth, Sándor Petőfi and János Damjanich have fought for autonomous Hungary. They started the war of independence against Austria, but Austria agreed with Russia to suppress the Hungarian uprising. The Hungarians defeated by the Russians' military power and could not resist. Austria repressed the revolution and tied Hungary back to itself. Many Hungarians were killed. The Hungarians and the Poles could not stand any longer and took refuge in the Ottoman Empire. The diplomatic crisis arose after Austria demanded the Hungarian refugees, and Russia also demanded Polish refugees from the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire rejected this request and the Hungarian Refugees problem began to develop.

The aim of this study is to explain the revolution that occurred between the years of 1848 and 49 in Hungary, the conflicts that occurred and the issue of the Hungarian Refugees. Lajos Kossuth, who had a very important role in the struggle for Hungarian freedom, was introduced. It is to reveal how the Ottoman Empire helped the refugees to asylum for the Hungarian struggle for independence. Refugees' taking refuge process and diplomatic relations with the Ottoman Empire is examined. The study is based on the influence of the Hungarian freedom struggle on both the Hungarians and European States. In the light of Hungarian literature, Turkish literature and Ottoman documents, the 1848 revolution and the Refugees Problem were examined. It is concluded that the struggle for the Hungarian liberation had affected not only Hungary, but all Europe, and how efforts were made to implement the reforms. Keywords: Hungarian, Pole, Hungarian refugee, Hungarian war of freedom, Refugees, The Ottoman Empire, Turkish-Hungarian relations.