Mekan Tasarımı Sürecinde Atık Malzeme Kullanımı Ve Yönetimi - Örnek Yapı Birimi Projesi

Abstract

Innovations and developments experienced in the last two hundred years in the world bring along many problems as well. In the recent times, intensive studies are carried out to minimize the negative effects of these global problems. Waste is one of the biggest global problems threatening the continuity of life with its social, economic and especially environmental aspects. In this context, this thesis is an architectural solution seeking to the global waste problem on local scale. The study focuses on industrial production wastes known as residual-wastage-defective manufacturing and emphasizes that these materials, which are not considered as waste unless they are discarded by the manufacturer but remain inactive unless they are used, are in fact “hidden waste” and in short, the unnoticed. On the other hand, the supply-demand cycle in the construction industry, which is growing rapidly in today's consumer society, triggers continuous production and consumption, and this situation causes many usable materials to be considered as waste. In addition to all this waste of resources and economic losses, a certain part of the society is living without the basic rights or having difficulties in reaching the vital. At this point, this study aims to enable the utilization of waste-residual-wastage materials that can be used in the buildings in a way of meeting the basic spatial needs or improving the spatial facilities, especially in disadvantaged regions with more economically negative conditions, and provides a system and model suggestion. First chapter of the study consists of waste related concept definitions, waste classifications, waste management and valuation methods, as well as a research that reveals the perception of individual waste. In this chapter, in line with the objective of the study, a waste classification was proposed for the use of waste in the context of architectural/interior architectural design, and the waste groups in this classification, which will also be used in field work, are detailed. Second chapter of the study consists of theoretical (practical) and numerical data on all waste types, because correct data on the determined wastes are not available for use in field work. The data were given as Global Context - European Union Context – Turkey Context and Ankara Context in order to demonstrate Ankara’s waste situation in Turkey scale and Turkey’s waste situation in Europe and worldwide scale. Data providing a broad perspective from general to specific has the capacity to be a guide for Ankara and Turkey in the context of waste models and applications. On the other hand, the data deficiencies particularly related to Turkey and Ankara, which was set out in this chapter, has formed the base of the system proposals presented in the field work. In the third part of the study, complying with the classification proposal presented in the first part, application examples designed and built with the types of waste materials that can be used in the building are given under three headings. Fourth chapter where the Original Field study is detailed consists of the content of the study, its methodology, research findings and the system and model proposal presented as a result of these. The methods section explains the way followed in the research conducted particularly in Ankara, the sample selection for the research and the process of obtaining data. The results section includes the contents of the interviews with the manufacturers and the waste-residual-wastage material findings obtained in these interviews. In addition, the findings obtained as a result of the research carried out in two known second-hand sales points of Ankara are briefly given in this section, in detail in the annex. Based on the findings obtained, a system and model proposal has been developed that can be adapted from general to specific for the collection, management and use of waste-residual-wastage materials. As a result, with waste-residual-wastage materials obtained through the proposed system, a multi-purpose, social, flexible and low-cost sample structure has been developed to meet the spatial needs of the people in every region, regardless of village, countryside, town or city. Sample structure, along with its limitations, opportunities, alternatives, social, economic and environmental benefits, was presented for discussion on the interdisciplinary platform.