Akut Lösemisi Olan veya Hematolojik Kanser Nedeniyle Kök Hücre Nakli Yapılmış Hastalarda İnvaziv Aspergillozis Tedavisi için Antifungal Kullanımının Uluslararası Kılavuzlara Uygunluğu

Abstract

The current study evaluates the usage of antifungals and adherence to two international guidelines (i.e. IDSA and ECIL) of antifungal therapy in neutropenic patients with acute leukemia or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and with invasive aspergillosis. A total of 163 patients (189 episodes) with the aformention characteristics were evaluated between January 2008 and November 2014. Our results indicated that, when classified according to the EORTC/MSG diagnostic criteria, 72.5% of episodes would fall in ‘possible invasive fungal infection’, 25.4% ‘probable’ and 2.1% ‘proven’ category. Antifungals were given as preemptively in 75.1% of episodes, while patients received empirical antifungal therapy in %22.8 and targeted therapy in % 2.1 of episodes. The primary antifungal agents used were voriconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B deoxycholate and liposomal amphotericin B in 59.3%, 28.0%, 10.6%, 2.1% of episodes, respectively. In 89.4% of all episodes, antifungal usage was in compliance with at least one of the two guidelines for which adherence was evaluated. Nevertheless, no statistical significance was found in 30-day mortality in episodes with or without guidelines adherence (p=0.574). Survival at the end of the first year after antifungal therapy was 50.5% and 36.1% in those with or without guidelines adherence, respectively (p = 0.099). In conclusion, this study revealed that in our center, the adherence to either IDSA or ECIL guidelines for the antifungal therapy of invasive aspergillosis in the patients with hematological cancers or with HSCT is high. However, no mortality difference was detected between adherent or non-adherent episodes.