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Abstract

From the discovery of the concept of unconscious to the present,its close relationship with art, psychology and philosophy has been expressed and its creative innovation has been observed with literature and cinema, as well as, painting and ceramic art. The concept has become as a part of the Topographical Personality Theory, developed over time and now, it can be read through Modern and Postmodern Art. The roots of the unconscious are examined in philosophy by the views and theories of Hartmann and Nietzsche, and in psychology from Freud to Lacan. In the 20th century, art began to change in a parallel way to the unconscious. This change has occured in the Romantics and then in the Expressionists and Surrealists, later, It appeared in the works of Abstract Art and Abstract Expressionists, they did not associate with any aesthetic tradition; they were free of consciousness and represented unconscious elements. The unconscious in modern art is seen to be related with to-and-fro transitional movements between internal and external reality. In postmodern period, the assertion of Donald Kuspit in his work of "End of Art", that the imagination of surreal culture is being destroyed and the art has come to an end ‘ and, at the same time, the assertion of Jean Boudrillard that the reality of art has been undermined by the terms of simulacrum ’and’ simulation all of these has been solved through the works of contemporary art and with original ceramic applications. At this point, Rollo May's unconscious creativity, the affirmation of the unconscious of Hanna Segal, the destructiveness in contemporary art, the structuralist approach of Lacan and the concept of Fallus, and most importantly, the work of Freud's theory of instinct and the narcissistic components shed light on the roles of the unconscious in contemporary art. Each of these works contains the desires, destructiveness, violence, and death motives originating from the unconscious. they present the implications of the unconscious with a strange aesthetic expression under the magic of weird and uncanny