Gıdalardan Kolesterolün Uzaklaştırılması İçin Moleküler Baskılanmış Kriyojel Mikroküreler

Abstract

According to epidemiological studies, there is a direct relationship between the level of cholesterol in the blood and the amount of cholesterol taken with food. When the amount of cholesterol taken with food is above a certain level, this can cause various diseases such as heart diseases, coronary artery disease, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, cerebral thrombosis in the human body. Thus, its control and separation are very important in medical science and food industries. Nowadays, it is aimed to reduce plasma cholesterol concentration by paying attention to food intake and nutrition in order to decrease the risk of illness caused by high blood cholesterol. In recent years, the studies on the rise of consumer awareness, scientific researches on foods, the discovery of new foods and the relationship between food and health have highlighted functional foods and it has become very important to produce low cholesterol foods by removing cholesterol from foods with various methods. It is a very important approach to reduce the amount of cholesterol by producing specific inhibitors that prevent absorption of cholesterol from foods. Clinically, another approach is to develop cholesterol-selective, easily accessible, easily prepared, and effective adsorbents, since both adsorption and removal of cholesterol are required to achieve the recommended blood cholesterol concentrations. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) are biomimics that can selectively bind to the relevant analytes. One of the most interesting areas where MIP have shown the greatest potential is food analysis as well as they have used in many applications, such as biosensor applications such as medical diagnostics and environmental analysis, pharmaceutical drug delivery studies, and chromatographic separations. Research shows that MIP can reduce the complex food matrix effects, increase recovery and detection limits by providing the high selectivity and high loading capacity. In this thesis, a unique affinity separation technology that combines the specific recognition of molecular imprinting with the high flow of cryogel, controllable pore structure, high surface area, mechanical and chemical stability in MIP has been aimed at effectively separating cholesterol from foodstuffs. Cryogels are very important structures used in areas such as blood, food, waste water, the production of tissue scaffoldings. In the study, firstly molecularly imprinted poly(hyroxyethyl methacrylate-methacryloyl-amidotryptophane methyl ester) cryogel microbeads were prepared using functional monomer which would allow cholesterol selective binding sites to be generated for selective removal of cholesterol from the foods. Characterization studies of cholesterol imprinted cryogel microbeads (CHO-MIP) were carried out by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, thermogravimetric analysis and elemental analysis. The interactions between CHO-MIP and cholesterol have been investigated and the factors affecting the adsorption of cholesterol have been investigated to determine optimum conditions. Reusability as a measure of the continuity of the prepared cryogel was investigated. The selectivity of cryogel microbeads has been determined using competitor molecules such as estradiol and progesterone, which are structurally similar to cholesterol. In the thesis study adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetic analyzes are included. Finally, selective and efficient removal of cholesterol from food samples has been performed with synthesized cholesterol imprinted cryogel microbeads.