Çam Balı Üretiminde Nosema Spp. Sporlarının Koloniden Bala Bulaşım Sürecinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) are insects that have an important role in plant pollination as well as benefical products such as honey, propolis, pollen, royal jelly, bee venom and beeswax. The attention drawn for bee diseases and loss is increasing day by day as they have danger it creates both in health and economy. Nosemosis is an adult honey bee disease which effects its digestive system mostly. The reason can be solely Nosema apis or Nosema ceranae but these two can be seen together, too. Searching on transmission of Nosemosis and its effect on honey are aimed in this article. For this purpose, in the field survey of Muğla district 51 pieces from bee yards spring and 51 pieces from bee yards autumn samples are collected during spring and autumn periods and during honey harvest 51 honey samples from bee yards are examined. As a result of examining adult bee and honey samples in Hacettepe University Health of Bee Laboratory, in all of the adult bee samples and 39 of the honey samples Nosema spp. is seen. iv In this study, general terms of Nosemosis, its seasonal ranges and its correlation with honey have been found out in Muğla. It is thought that Nosema spp. which obtained from honey bee samples collected in the spring is more effective on honey samples. It observed that Nosema spp. was linearly relation with infection in the hive. It is thought that it is more effective on honey samples. It was determined that the percentage of nosema spores seen in adults is 1.63%. This result contributed to the literature by using this ratio in estimating the level of infection in the colonies without colonization due to nosemosis. Again with this study, Nosema spp. the risk of contamination of honey from the infected colonies will be calculated. Keywords: Nosemosis, Apis mellifera L., Muğla, Nosema ceranae, Nosema apis, pine honey, honey