İlaç Taşıyıcı Sistem Olarak Kullanılmak Üzere Kil-Protein Kompozit Nanopartiküllerin Hazırlanması Ve Karakterizasyonu

Abstract

Controlled release systems have advantages compared to conventional methods, including reduced toxicity, increased efficiency, patient compliance and comfort. Biodegradable polymers are strongly recommended as an active carrier among controlled drug delivery systems in recent years due to their biocompatibility and environmentally friendly properties. In addition to these, controlled drug delivery systems are developed by using materials with curative effects, both removes the side effects of the active substance and the therapeutic properties of the material are exploited. From controlled release systems, nanoparticles improve the therapeutic index of the drug, reduce toxicity, increase solubility and stability, and provide sustained release of the drug over a prolonged period of time to provide a stable, effective therapeutic effect. Due to these reasons, within the scope of the presented thesis, clay-protein composite nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized for cancer treatment and the cytotoxic activity was investigated on colon cancer as saponin delivery system. In the scope of the presented doctorate thesis, human serum albumin (HSA) as protein and montmorillonite (MMT) as clay were used in the literature for the first time to prepare composite nanoparticles with desolvation technique. The lack of toxicity and immunogenicity of HSA and its easy modification are the reasons for use. MMT has been preferred because of its high surface area / volume ratio and cation exchange capacity, as well as its ability to cross the gastrointestinal barrier of nanoparticles by providing mucoadhesion. The morphological characteristics of composite nanoparticles prepared using these materials were analyzed by Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy (SEM, TEM). Also, their chemical properties were evaluated by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX), Matrix Supported Laser Desorption / Ionization Mass Spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF MS) and Thermogravimetric Analysis. In the last step of the study, the interaction of MMT-HSA composite nanoparticles with cancerous cells was investigated. Saponin (SAP), as the active agent is preferred because it has cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. For this purpose, real-time cell analysis (RTCA) was performed to determine the cytotoxic activity of the composite nanoparticles on the colon cancer cell line (DLD-1) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and fluorometer studies were performed for quantitative and quantitative cell uptake studies. As a result of the findings, MMT-HSA composite nanoparticles synthesized for the first time in the literature are promising as a controlled drug delivery system.