Foucault ve Heidegger'de İktidar ve Varlık

Abstract

This study links Foucault’s transformation of the concept of power into “bio-power” as a technology with Heidegger’s “enframing” of Being in the metaphysical age, and shows as a thought experiment that the ground of Heidegger’s political “mistake” can be understood from the assumption that “every conception of Being is based on a conception of power”. A thinking that reveals the ontological as truth in a historical way may face the danger of fascism when it supports this with a political attitude in the name of a new beginning. This is because our philosophical attitude is related to our political preferences in certain aspects. A way of thinking in which the order of the world is reduced to the History of Being in which Being unfolds itself, the structure of the state to the integration of its own destiny with the destiny of the people under the leadership of the leader, the form of social relations to three services, and the form of individual behavior to taking responsibility and making sacrifices when necessary, is destined to be trapped in a perilous space between philosophy and politics. From this standpoint, it can be said that Heidegger’s history of Being can be interpreted as the philosophical foundations of a metapolitical ontology, and that this has failed with the practical applications of Nazism. This is because Nazism is the manifestation of the technologies of killing, disciplining and keeping alive that converge in the form of “state racism”. Equipped with all the technologies of Foucault’s sovereign power, disciplinary power and biopower, the National Socialist movement exhausts all the possibilities of "bioregulation" through security technologies. While security technologies regulate life on one hand, they unsheathe the sword of sovereign power for the sake of racism. Therefore, what unites Foucault and Heidegger is that they enable a problematization of the metaphysical foundations of fascism in various aspects. In conclusion, the way to understand the connection between Heidegger’s metapolitical ontology associated with fascism and power is through the Foucauldian understanding of power that strives to distance itself from the comprehensive lens of history.