Divan Edebiyatında İstanbul: 15.Yüzyıl

Abstract

Between 1400 and 1500, Istanbul was subject to literary and historical literary works both for conquest and with the great success achieved after the conquest.The most important reason why Istanbul drew attention in those period of years was that it had hosted two big empires.The city which hosted Byzantium Empire, for 1123 years between 324 and 1453 and Ottoman Empire which opened a new era, became the spotlight in the literary field. In this study the reflection of Istanbul in poems and proses within this historical era as well as the perspectives and feelings of poets and writers regarding the city were discussed in detail. And the analysis was done taking into consideration the city’s aesthetic, sociological, psychological, mythological, geographical, architectural and cultural aspects. In the first part of the study, fourteen works were scanned and texts related to Istanbul were examined. The poems, based on the study consist of poetry, gazel, mesnevi and verse forms. There is the acceptance of Istanbul, which others attempted conquering in the past but were unsuccessful until the coming of Fatih Sultan Mehmed.His victory earned him the accolude the sultan of conquest. Here, Cemâlî's "disqualified victory" is particularly important in terms of expressing the praise of the sultan.In the ghazels, the beauties and districts of Istanbul are described with a literary pleasure. The natural beauties and cultural structure of Istanbul were also addressed in mesnevi and murababa.In the second part of the study, eighteen works were scanned and the texts were examined based on the sections in which Istanbul was mentioned. vii In this study, the projection of Istanbul on poems and proses and its historical epoch; poets’ and writers’ perspectives and feelings on the city were discussed in utter detail and analysed from aesthetic, sociological, mythological, geographical, architectural and cultural aspects. The large number of western travel books is an important issue in terms of showing the Western travelers' interest and admiration for Istanbul. In line with the data obtained, it can be seen that the description of Istanbul in poetry and historical writings touches on its belief system, social and political structure as well as its natural and geographical form including its art life. Divan poets praised Istanbul with its historical and natural beauties with the joy they received from the master, mean while the Western travelers remembered the city which had fallen into the hands of Muslims, with sad feelings and with the historical Hagia Sophia.