Artvin Yöresindeki Bal Arılarının (Apis Mellifera L.) Mikrobiyal Ve Paraziter Hastalıklar Yönünden İncelenmesi

Abstract

Honey bee, whose products such as honey, propolis, pollen, royal jelly, bee poison and beewax have significant importance for the human health; and whose products have been used for various purposes for the centuries, also enables the pollination of agricultural produce.Since the benefits of bee products and bees’ roles in pollination were realized by government authorities, scientists and apiarists, the importance given to the diagnosis of the bee disease, and the importance given to keeping colonies healthy through good care have been increasing each day. Among the other diseases effective in all honey bee stages, the most common larva bee diseases are American Foulbrood, European Foulbrood, Sacbrood, Chalkbrood and Stonebrood. The common adult bee diseases encountered commonly in our country are Varroasis, Nosemosis, Acarapiasis and viral diseases. In addition, Galleria mellonella and Tropilaelaps clareae are also among the commonly encountered adult diseases in our country. In this thesis studied, 64 apiary were visited in Artvin including its provinces and villages. Fifteen honey bee brood combs and 4520 adult honey bee samples were collected in autumn and spring. No larva diseases were identified in the samples analyzed in Hacettepe University Bee Health Laboratory. In the laboratory analysis conducted on adult honey bees it was found that most samples had Nosemosis while only 10 samples were diagnosed with Varroasis. No other diseases were identified in the samples analyzed. A general chart of the bee diseases was created with the analysis results. It is thought that climatic and geographical features of the region, the factors that contribute to the spread and infection of the diseases, apiculture practices and the anatomical features of Apis mellifera caucasica, which are unique to the region are thought to be effective in the spread and the incidence of the dieases.