Maternal Beden Kütle Indeksi ve Gebelikte Vücut Ağırlığı Artışı Takibinin Perinatal Sonuçlar ile Ilişkisi

Abstract

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of pregestastional body mass index (BMI), age, parity, occupation, smoking habits, also to evaluate the effects of body weight gain during pregnancy on the process of birth, neonatal body weight and maternal complications. The study was conducted between November 2011-February 2012, as a retrospective study in Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, on 1252 pregnant women who were assigned for pregnancy follow-up assessment between years 2009-2011. Subjects’ age, number of pregnancies, parity (number of births), gestational age, pre-pregnancy body weight, height, body mass index (BMI-kg/m2), prenatal final body weight, body weight gain during pregnancy and per month, profession, smoking habits, outcomes birth weight and sex, maternal and fetal adverse neonatal outcomes were evaluated. Data were analysed by using SPSS for Windows program. Mean (± S) body weight, height and body mass index values 61.6 ± 11.6 kg, 161.5 ± 6.3 cm and 23.6 ± 4.3 kg/m2, respectively.Statistically significant differences were found between body weight gain during pregnancy, number of pregnancies, being a housewife, smoking habits (p<0.05), however, no differences were observed between weight gain during pregnancy and maternal complications ,delivery type and fetal sex (p> 0.05). When compared with the initial pregnancy BMI, maternal complication rate of pregnant women found to be increased significantly with the increase in initial BMI, increase in the number of cesarean deliveries and infant birth weight (p<0.05). Moreover, a significant increase of newborn infant weight was determined with the increase in weight gain during pregrancy (p<0.05). The findings of this study show that maternal side effects and neonatal outcomes were significantly affected by maternal BMI depending on the increase in body weight during pregnancy and the initial BMI. Body weight gained during pregnancy is one of the main factors affecting the severity of neonatal body weight. Since BMI is an ideal starting indicator for a healthy pregnancy, this principle will help to implement the idea of a healthy mother and healthy newborn. Maternal health is a human right.