Siyaset Bilimi ve Kamu Yönetimi Bölümü
https://hdl.handle.net/11655/70
2024-03-19T09:26:30ZHerbert Spencer'da Rasyonel Faydacılık
https://hdl.handle.net/11655/34772
Herbert Spencer'da Rasyonel Faydacılık
Büyük, Tuncay
This thesis aims to evaluate Herbert Spencer's philosophical thought within the framework of utilitarianism and natural law-natural rights doctrines. Spencer, who is considered one of the important thinkers of the period, tried to create a philosophical synthesis between utilitarianism and rights within the synthetic philosophy he put forward. However, a debate that arises within the political thought literature is about which of the two doctrines the thinker is ultimately closer to. This thesis argues that although the idea of natural law and natural rights is important in Spencer, the idea of utilitarianism predominates. To demonstrate this, in the first part of the study, the thinker's natural law-natural rights and utilitarian discourses are presented separately. In the second part of the study, the rationalist method in Spencer, his criticism of empirical utilitarianism and the thinker's own rational utilitarianism are discussed. In the third part, the concept of moral sense is introduced with its different meanings within the doctrine of natural law and utilitarianism, and the utilitarian, consequentialist, empirical and naturalistic qualities that Spencer attributes to this concept are explained. In the fourth part of the study, the criticism and solutions that Spencer puts forward with a classical liberal perspective and rational utilitarian reasons against new or social liberalism are discussed.
Türkiye'de İslami Romanlarda Kadın Kimliği (1980-2000): Feminist Bir Yaklaşım
https://hdl.handle.net/11655/34767
Türkiye'de İslami Romanlarda Kadın Kimliği (1980-2000): Feminist Bir Yaklaşım
Ancak, Okan
In this thesis, it is tried to reveal the understanding of women in Islamic novels, the first editions of which were published between 1980 and 2000. Women's life is among the topics that always keep its place on the agenda in the development of Turkish modernization. Similarly, Turkish novel stands out as a literary genre that includes various social/political tendencies about women's life. Turkish novelists, who approach the subject of women in line with their social and political preferences, have made an effort to convey the views they have adopted to large audiences through the works they have written. Islamic novels also consist of texts that carry the basic social and political theses of Islamism to the field of literature. Examining the understanding of women in Islamic novels will lead researchers to the same conclusions as examining the main theses of Islamism on women. Feminist literary criticism, on the other hand, stands out as a highly functional method in the effort to comprehend the understanding of women in Islamic novels. The novels, which constitute the sample of the study, are examined within the framework of the following four sub-titles with qualitative content analysis, which is one of the two methods of the thesis: Woman with her Appearance: Dressing Style of the Ideal (Religious) Woman, Character of the Ideal (Religious) Woman: Angel woman – Beast woman, Ideal Woman and Family: Mothers Raising Religious Generations, Women as the Guarantee of Society: Responsible Religious Women. The main claim put forward in the thesis is that Islamic novels, which carry the theses of Islamism to the field of literature, are texts that reinforce collectivist and patriarchal views on women. Compared to male novelists, it has been determined that female Islamic novelists try to highlight the restricted/oppressed lives of female novel characters who live under patriarchal social conditions, in line with individualistic approaches within the framework of Islamic female identity. However, Islamism continues to be the main factor that determines the boundaries of both male and female writers' approaches to the issue of women within collectivism.
2024-02-20T00:00:00ZTemelcilik ve Ötesi: Demokrasi Teorilerinin Eleştirel Bir Analizi
https://hdl.handle.net/11655/34753
Temelcilik ve Ötesi: Demokrasi Teorilerinin Eleştirel Bir Analizi
Livan, Hayrettin Furkan
This study introduces how democracy can be evaluated based on a post-foundationalist understanding, of democracy by pointing out the problematic aspects that arise from considering democracy from a foundational perspective. Foundationalism refers to the assumption that an ultimate principle is constitutive in grounding politics and society. Foundationalist approaches in democracy studies restrict democracy to a particular ultimate principle and attempt to construct the ideal democratic order upon this principle. Therefore, for a foundationalist theory of democracy, all that needs to be done is establishing a consistent system on this fundamental principle, which is assumed to be ultimate. However, no principle that reveals the grounding movement in democracy is ultimate. This is because the principles that ground democracy can only exist with their contingent, temporary, and contextual qualities.
Opposing views to foundationalism can emerge as anti-foundationalism, which holds that no principle can found society. It can also emerge with the post-foundationalist view, which rejects only the claim of the ultimate principle but accepts the necessity of provisional and contingent principles and the process of grounding and ungrounding. This study argues that anti- foundationalism's rejection of all forms of grounding is also a type of foundationalism. Therefore, throughout the study, while critisizing the concept of democracy in the context of foundationalism, the possibility of its evaluation based on a post-foundationalist perspective is sought.
In this context, the first part of the study problematizes the (non-)origins of democracy through foundationalism in a historical framework. The concepts of politeia and res publica are at the center of problematization. The second chapter is devoted to the evaluating democracy in the context of the modern state, sovereignty, contractualism, and representation. At the same time, the ideal of neutrality and public space are also adressed. In the last part of the thesis, arguments for modeling democracy are subject to a critical analysis. Consequently, the key debates in post- foundational political theory on grounding-ungrounding characteristics of democracy, the question of the an-arkhê principle, and the democracy to-come are emphasized.
2024-01-01T00:00:00ZTÜRKİYE’DE KADININ SİYASAL KATILIMI: İYİ PARTİ ÖRNEĞİ
https://hdl.handle.net/11655/34749
TÜRKİYE’DE KADININ SİYASAL KATILIMI: İYİ PARTİ ÖRNEĞİ
DEMİR BAYRAM, TUĞBA
The most important feature that distinguishes democratic systems from all other alternative systems in the world is that they allow the society to participate in the political participation process by giving them the right to choose and to have a say in political issues. In other words, democratic systems enable the people's influence on political power and the political process through political participation. However, it would not be wrong to say that women and men do not have equal opportunities in the political participation process. It can be easily stated that the main reason for this is that women cannot find enough space in the organization and management staff of the parties and that women remain in the background in policy production processes compared to men.
Although women’s right to vote and stand for election was granted much earlier in Turkey than many other countries, they couldn’t gain equal place neither in executive management team of political parties nor in political participation process. Within this scope, the purpose of this thesis is to study the political participation process of women in Turkey in the 2000s, considering İYİ Parti as an example as its general president is a woman. Within this context, the similarities and differences of İyi Parti from the other political parties with respect to political participation process of women and party’s perspective on women; will be presented regarding the party constitution, election manifesto, negotiations with the party officials and their discourses on women taking into consideration their public declarations.
This thesis will exemplify the policy and practices of the political parties in Turkey about the women’s political participation and provide information that although they have different views and ideologies, even a political party with a female general president
2024-02-01T00:00:00Z